One of the first American perfumers, with Ernest Shiftan, at IFF. Later she was also a mentor for the perfumer Sophia Grojsman; little is known about her creations; one of her greatest succeses is the beautiful Fidji (1965) created for Guy Laroche. Another is Norell, which she considered her best and beloved creation. Presented with the Achievement Award by the American Society of Perfumers in 1993. Died in 2012